\u018fks\u0259riyy\u0259t diqq\u0259ti varl\u0131 transmilli \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck korrupsiyas\u0131na deyil, az maa\u015f alan d\u00f6vl\u0259t qulluq\u00e7ular\u0131n\u0131n x\u0131rda korrupsiyas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259ldir. \u018fks\u0259riyy\u0259t d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259m\u0259si kimi s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 deyil, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmayan resurslar kimi \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirir. \u018fks\u0259riyy\u0259t r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259txorlardan deyil, r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259txorlardan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n
~ Sue Hawley<\/p>\n
Korrupsiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 b\u0259yanat\u0131nda Hawley-nin \u0259sas fikri budur ki, insanlar \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 korrupsiya haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259nd\u0259 onu ki\u00e7ik miqyasda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Meksika v\u0259 Rusiyada insanlardan g\u0259lin g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n korrupsioner polisl\u0259r kimi \u015feyl\u0259r korrupsiya dedikd\u0259 insanlar\u0131n \u00e7oxunun a\u011fl\u0131na g\u0259lir. Onlar he\u00e7 vaxt hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259ki varl\u0131 korporasiyan\u0131n korrupsioner oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcrl\u0259r. Bunun g\u00fcnahkar\u0131 m\u0259n idim. Ke\u00e7mi\u015f Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131ndan olan bir m\u00fchacir kimi m\u0259n Hawley-nin n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutdu\u011fu \u201caz maa\u015fl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t qulluq\u00e7ular\u0131n\u0131n x\u0131rda korrupsiyas\u0131n\u0131\u201d \u00e7ox g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f\u0259m. Rusiyada geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 onun m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu ham\u0131ya m\u0259lumdur. Bu yoxsulluq sinfini g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n\u0259 v\u0259 “Korrupsiyan\u0131 \u0130xrac etm\u0259k” q\u0259zetini oxuyana q\u0259d\u0259r “varl\u0131 \u00e7oxmill\u0259tli \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck korrupsiyas\u0131ndan” x\u0259b\u0259rdar deyildim. M\u0259n ill\u00fcziyaya qap\u0131ld\u0131m ki, inki\u015faf etm\u0259kd\u0259 olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r yaln\u0131z korrupsiya il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 \u015eimalda korrupsiyan\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Hawley m\u0259ni ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr inand\u0131ran \u00e7oxlu yax\u015f\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r g\u0259tirdi.<\/p>\n
\u201c\u015eimal\u201dda davam ed\u0259n korrupsiya n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk n\u00fcmun\u0259si m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 ya g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k, b\u0259z\u0259n is\u0259 \u0259traf m\u00fchitin m\u00fchafiz\u0259si qaydalar\u0131na \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259txorluqdur. Q\u0259rb biznesl\u0259ri bu r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259tl\u0259ri yar\u0131 qanuni r\u00fcsumlar v\u0259 ya komissiyalar \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 gizl\u0259dirl\u0259r ki, bu da b\u0259z\u0259n onlar\u0131 a\u015fkar etm\u0259yi \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdirir. Onlar da birba\u015fa i\u015ftirak etmirl\u0259r, lakin i\u015fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 salmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yerli agentl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r. Bu yolla onlar \u0259ll\u0259rini t\u0259miz saxlay\u0131rlar v\u0259 h\u0259r \u015fey gizli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Varl\u0131 transmilli \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck korrupsiyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fqa bir formas\u0131 \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259dir. Bu, \u201c\u00f6z\u0259l \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 veril\u0259n iri d\u00f6vl\u0259t sektoru m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. D\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rini x\u00fcsusi m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 satmaqla h\u00f6kum\u0259t yoxsullar\u0131n hesab\u0131na k\u00fclli miqdarda pul toplad\u0131. Bu \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259nin faydalar\u0131 h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q, x\u0259rcl\u0259r is\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilirdi. \u00c7ox vaxt D\u00fcnya Bank\u0131 v\u0259 BVF korrupsiyaya \u00f6z t\u00f6hf\u0259sini verir, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u00f6z\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qaydalar haz\u0131rlanmay\u0131b. T\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rin olmamas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n he\u00e7 kim bu bar\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 n\u0259 etm\u0259d\u0259n korrupsiyan\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verilir.<\/p>\n
Q\u0259rb t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n korrupsiyan\u0131n dig\u0259r n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri diqq\u0259tl\u0259 idar\u0259 olunmayan liberalla\u015fma, \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc D\u00fcnya aktivl\u0259rini gizl\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6z\u0259l bank\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 of\u015for banklar v\u0259 \u201cyerli h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 adekvat resurslar v\u0259 t\u0259liml\u0259r t\u0259qdim etm\u0259y\u0259n\u201d m\u0259rk\u0259zsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259dir. Bu misallardan asanl\u0131qla g\u00f6rm\u0259k olar ki, d\u00fcnyada \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck korrupsiya \u015eimalda gedir. Q\u0259rb biznesl\u0259rinin ild\u0259 r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259tl\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259diyi 80 milyard dollar, Rusiyada v\u0259 ya korrupsioner kimi stereotipl\u0259\u015f\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 adi bir polis m\u0259murunun q\u0259bul etdiyind\u0259n qat-qat pisdir. Hugh Baykey r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259ti \u201ckas\u0131blardan z\u0259nginl\u0259r\u0259 birba\u015fa pul k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259si\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131b. \u0130nki\u015faf etm\u0259kd\u0259 olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 korrupsiyada i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n adi insanlar sa\u011f qalmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u0259z\u0259n bunu etm\u0259li olurlar. \u00d6lk\u0259l\u0259ri o q\u0259d\u0259r yoxsuldur ki, maa\u015flar\u0131 dolanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yet\u0259rli deyil. Bu yoxsullu\u011fun s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 Q\u0259rbd\u0259ki korrupsiyad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hawley-nin verdiyi bu misallardan sonra g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u0259m ki, \u015eimal\u0131n korrupsiyaya g\u00f6r\u0259 kas\u0131b \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin borcunu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamamas\u0131 b\u0259han\u0259si \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frultmur. Onlar\u0131n \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n korrupsiya inki\u015faf etm\u0259kd\u0259 olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki korrupsiyadan qat-qat b\u00f6y\u00fck miqyasdad\u0131r. \u018fn b\u00f6y\u00fck problem odur ki, insanlar \u0259sl korrupsiyan\u0131n nec\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcrl\u0259r, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bu m\u0259qal\u0259ni oxumazdan \u0259vv\u0259l m\u0259nim d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fcm ill\u00fcziyaya qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259ssas olurlar.<\/p>\n